和谐管理-顺应视阈下修正现象的语用研究

This  section  includes  three  parts.  In  the  first  part,  detailed  information concerning the definition of repair will be presented and discussed from many sides. The  second  part  alludes  to  the  differentiation  between  repair  and  correction  by pointing out their difference and distinction from content and extent. The final part is to introduce the categories of repair, in which four kinds of repair will be portrayed, with specific instances followed.   Repair, as a kind of linguistic phenomenon in daily communicative life, has been voiced and defined by many experts or literates from a variety of dimensions.  From the perspective of conversational communication, Schegloff, Jefferson and Sacks (1977) thinks that the so-called repair refers to a series of method or action that is  involved  in  dealing  with  those &nb sp;communicative  problems  occurring  in  listening, speaking  and  comprehension  in  conversation  and  other  sort  of  interactional communication. Heeman and Allen (1994) claims that conversation repair belongs to continual speech, needing removing out some certain words from the speaker so as to correctly figure out the real meaning of him or her. Fox, Hayashi and Jasperson (1995) points  out  that  whenever  a  certain  ongoing  utterance  is  halted  in  a  way,  and  then suspended, adapted or produced again, the repair occurs. Weber’s (1993) opinion on repair is of much similarity to that of Schegloff’s in that he thinks that repair refers to the  effort  made  by  communicative  participants  to  cope  with  these  difficulties occurring  in  speaking,  listening  and  comprehending  (quoted  from  Hosoda  2006).  Li Yue’e  (1996)  discusses  that  no  matter  what  kind  of  conversation  it  may  be,  it  is doomed  to  confront  this  or  that  kind  of  problems  or  obstacle,  to  which  repair  is  the only solution to sustain and to protest the continuity of the interactional conversation. Yi Qiang (2002) thinks that repair is an operational activity adopted by people when they  offer  the  right  answers  or  solutions  to  dispose  of  the  problems  and  troubles  in listening, speaking and comprehension in ordinary conversation. 

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